Understanding Dentinogenesis Imperfecta (DI): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Approximately one in 8,000 people are affected by Dentinogenesis Imperfecta (DI). Those diagnosed with this inherited disease, which has varying effects on the enamel and dentin of the teeth, may shy away from social interactions and family pictures due to a lack of confidence with their smile. Seeing your local dentist for Dentinogenesis Imperfecta treatment can help patients face life with a more beautiful and healthier smile. 

Understanding Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta is a rare dental condition that affects the structure and appearance of teeth causing the discolouration and translucency of the teeth. As this disease directly affects the growth of the tooth, teeth can become weak leading to fractures and tooth loss. Dentinogenesis Imperfecta can have a profound impact on an individual's quality of life, causing increased tooth sensitivity, pain and a lack of self-confidence. 

There are three types of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta, all with parallel abnormalities. DI Type I affects people who have been diagnosed with Osteogenesis Imperfecta, a genetic bone condition that causes the bones to be brittle. Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type II and Type III are linked to patients who have no other genetic disorders or diseases. 

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta can affect primary teeth in children and/or can be prevalent in permanent teeth.  

Causes of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

Researchers have identified several causes of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta, including genetic mutations and chromosomal abnormalities. In some cases, the condition may be inherited from one or both parents.

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta is linked to mutations in the DSPP gene and is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. The DSPP gene supplies commands for making the protein dentin, the layer of the tooth directly under the enamel surface. Those diagnosed with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type II and Type III tend to have an abnormality with this gene. DI can also inhibit the development of calcium needed to strengthen teeth. As a result, people with DI have abnormally soft dentin. 

Other factors, such as nutritional deficiencies can also play a role in the development of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta. 

Symptoms of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

Symptoms of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta that are often quite visible can include: 

• Tooth Discolouration: As DI directly affects the development of the tooth discolouration can overtake the appearance of the tooth’s outer surface. Colours may range from yellow brown to gray-blue undertones. 

• Translucency: DI can cause wear on the layers of the tooth resulting in translucency. It appears as though light is passing through the tooth creating the see-through appearance. 

• Brittleness: With the declining condition of the enamel and dentin, the teeth can become weak and brittle. This can lead to tooth fractures, tooth loss and damage to the gums.

• Tooth Sensitivity: The teeth can become sensitive to hot or cold temperatures particularly when consuming food and beverages. DI can also make the teeth sensitive to pressure when chewing or talking.

• Dental Abnormalities: Abnormalities of the teeth may involve bulbous or misshapen teeth. As DI can affect the development of the teeth, some patients may have a delay in the appearance of the permanent teeth. 

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta can also have many non-dental symptoms and affect a person’s overall health, such as: 

• Hearing Loss: Partial or full hearing loss can occur with some DI conditions. There are ongoing studies to determine the direct cause of the hearing impairment or defect. 

• Other Skeletal Issues: Joint hypermobility can be a symptom of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta. Moving a joint beyond its regular range of motion is experienced as double-jointed, flexible joints, and extensible joints. 

Exploring the Treatment Options for Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

Treatment for DI is important to help protect the remaining portions of the enamel and dentin that are not affected by the condition. While there is no cure for this condition advancements in dental technology and treatments can help those with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta to improve their oral health and regain their confidence.

• Restorative Dentistry: Sealants, veneers, dental crowns, and bridges for Dentinogenesis Imperfecta conditions are part of the restorative dentistry options available. These and other solutions can help repair and/or protect the enamel and dentin that are affected by this oral condition.

• Crowns and Bridges: As a prosthetic solution to discoloured or damaged teeth, having crowns or bridges custom-fitted to the mouth can improve the appearance of the teeth. A crown fits over the affected tooth as a protective cap while a bridge is molded to replace any missing teeth. 

• Veneers: To protect the tooth surface and offer a natural-look, veneers are attached to the front of the tooth. A thin porcelain layer is applied as a durable and stain-resistant covering for years of beautiful smiles.

• Fillings and Sealants: To help with the discolouration of the teeth, bonding procedures can be performed. A composite resin in the shade of your natural teeth is applied to the surface of the tooth and hardened for a long-lasting coating.

Preventive Measures and Care Strategies for Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

Preventive care for Dentinogenesis Imperfecta involves following good oral health practices including fluoride treatments. It is imperative that the dentin and enamel are cared for through regularly scheduled cleanings. Other preventive measures include:

• Proper oral hygiene
• Dietary modifications
• Regular dental checkups
• Psychological support
• Oral health education
  

Get Treated for Dentinogenesis Imperfecta at Princeview Dental Today! 

If you’re looking for Dentinogenesis Imperfecta treatment in Etobicoke, discuss your options with the staff at Princeview Dental Group. We have been offering dental care and dental emergency services in Etobicoke for more than 30 years. 

Our dental services include cosmetic dentistry and regular check-ups. We provide individualized dental plans to ensure your smile and your oral health are in optimum condition. Contact us at (416) 231-4562 or complete our online form to book a consultation with our dental care team.